BCA - Network Technologies

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What is ciphertext ?

Ciphertext is encrypted text transformed from plaintext using an encryption algorithm. Ciphertext can't be read until it has been converted into plaintext (decrypted) with a key. The decryption cipher is an algorithm that transforms the ciphertext back into
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Difference between Hub and Repeter

Repeater has two ports: one for incoming signal and another one for “boosted” outgoing signal. Hub is able to join more than two signals. It takes the signal, “boosts” it, and transmits to all its ports. Typically hub can connect from 8 to 24 connections together.

What is flow control ?

Flow control is an information-transmission and-receiving synchronization protocol.
It controls the amount of information sent and received between a sender and a receiver, as well as activating and inhibiting data transmission.
Flow control also dictates how resources in a network are
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Bridges

A bridge is one of the network devices in computer networks to connect two or more communication networks or network segments and creates a single network. It provides interconnection with other computer networks, which use the same protocol. The multiple local area networks (LANs) can be
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Explain nyquist bit rate

In signal processing, the Nyquist rate, named after Harry Nyquist, is twice the bandwidth of a band limited function or a band limited channel. This term means two different things under two different circumstances:

as a lower bound for the sample rate for
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Explain Digital Certificate

A digital certificate is an electronic "passport" that enables a person, device, or organization to securely communicate data over the Internet by utilizing the public key infrastructure (PKI). A public key certificate is another name for a digital certificate.

A digital certificate,
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Differentiate Wired LAN and Wireless LAN.

Wired LAN: A wired network connects devices to the Internet or other network using cables. The most common wired networks use cables connected to Ethernet ports on the network router on one end and to a computer or other device on the cables opposite
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Write a short note on application server ?

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Write a difference between guided media and unguided media ?

Guided Media:

Guided transmission uses a cabling system that guides the data signals along a specific path.
The data signals are bound by the cabling system.
It is also known as bound media.
Guided media are commonly used for point
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Define Bandwidth and Latency

Bandwidth (throughput) and Latency are two metrics used to assess network performance (Delay).

The number of bits that may be transmitted via a network in a given amount of time is known as bandwidth.
The time it takes for a message to move from one end of a network to the other
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